|
JAN – JUN 2015 VOL-16, NO.1
TELENURSING IN CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE
* Dorothy D. Theodore, M.Sc (N)., Ph.D (N)
** Priyadarshini L. Byrappa, M.Sc (N)
* Principal, Narayana Hrudayalaya College of Nursing, Bengaluru
** Assistant Professor, Narayana Hrudayalaya College of Nursing, Bengaluru
ABSTRACT
Advancement in healthcare system is booming with information technology at the forefront. Nursing being a major part of the healthcare system cannot lag behind. Nurses need to be adequately equipped with the required knowledge and skill in contributing to the utility of the technological advancement. Telenursing is one such advancement which is developing at a fast pace. Telenursing is becoming an essential means of providing care due to factors such as affordability, accessibility of services to the unreached and immobile sections of the society such as elderly and chronically ill, and shortage of specialists among healthcare professions. This article discusses various aspects of telenursing such as history, scope, and its use. It also presents a framework applicable to telenursing. The various challenges faced by nurses in implementation of telenursing alongside legal and ethical aspects are discussed.
Keywords: telemedicine, telenursing, principles, organization, nursing competencies, ethical issues, ethical challenges
REFERENCES
American Telemedicine Association. (2008). Telehealth nursing. Retrieved from www.americantelemed.org/
docs/default-document-library/telenursingwhitepaper_4-7-2008.pdf?sfvrsn=2.
Bywood, P., Raven, M., & Butler, C. (2013). Telehealth in primary healthcare settings within Australia and internationally. PHCRIS Policy issue review. Adelaide:Primary Health Care Research & Information Service. Retrieved from http://www.phcris.org.au/phplib/filedownload.php?file=/elib/lib/downloaded_files/publi
cations/pdfs/phcris_pub_8403.pdf.
College of Registered Nurses of Nova Scotia. (2008). Telenursing-practice guidelines. Retrieved from https://www.crnns.ca/documents/Telenursing2014.pdf
Dasgupta, A., & Deb, S. (2008). Telemedicine: A new horizon in public health in India. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 33(1), 3-8. doi: 10.4103/0970-218.39234
Hoglund, A. T., & Holmstrom, I. (2011). Ethical issues in telenursing. International Hospital Equipment and Solutions Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.iheonline.com/ index.php?id=2695
Hutcherson, C. M. (2001). Legal considerations for nurses practicing in a telehealth setting. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 6(3). Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld. org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Volume62001/No3Sept01/LegalConsiderations.html
International Council of Nurses. (2010). Telenursing network bulletin 2010. Retrieved from http://www.icn.ch/images/stories/documents/pillars/Practice/icnp/TelenursingBenefitsObligations_and_Challenges.pdf
James, S., & Priyadarshini. (2012). Descriptive study to assess knowledge on telemedicine among staff nurses of a selected hospital, Bangalore. Unpublished project under RGUHS.
Manamel, M., & Sarkar, A. (2009). Role of telemedicine in primary health care and practical spects of setting up a telemedicine centre. IKP Centre for Technologies in Public Health. Retrieved from http://www.ictph.org.in/gip-2009/paper-3-telemedicine-in-india.html
National Council of State Boards of Nursing. (1997). Telenursing: A challenge to regulation. National Council, Position Paper.
Schlachta-Fairchild, L., Elfrink, V., & Deickman, A. (2008). Patient safety, telenursing, and telehealth. In R. G. Hughes (Ed.), Patient safety and quality: An evidencebased handbook for nurses. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US). Retrieved from:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2687/
Schlachta-Fairchild, L., Varghese, S. B., Deickman, A., & Castelli, D. (2010). Telehealth and telenursing are live: APN policy and practice implications. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 6, 98-106.
The Hindu. (2008. January 22). Tele-nursing will widen rural healthcare network. Retrieved from http://www.
thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/telenursing-will-widen-rural-healthcare-network/article1183232.ece
World Health Organization. (2007). Towards development of health strategy 2007. Retrieved from www.ehidc.org/.../199-white-paper-towards-the-development-of-anmhealth
ALCHOL WITHDRAWAL: A CASE REPORT
* Santhi L. Johnson, M.Sc (N)
** Velvizhi Theerthagiri, B.Sc (N)
*** Manoranjitham Sathiyaseelan, M.Sc (N)., Ph.D (N)
* Lecturer, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
** Charge Nurse, CMC, Vellore
*** Professor, Dept. of Psychiatry Nursing, College of Nursing CMC, Vellore
ABSTRACT
Alcohol withdrawal is a set of symptoms seen in an individual who reduces or stops alcohol consumption after prolonged periods of alcohol intake. Withdrawal signs and symptoms are usually minor, but they can be considerable and even fatal. Alcohol withdrawal delirium commonly known as Delirium Tremens or 'DTs', is the most serious manifestation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Nurses play a major role in early identification and management to rehabilitate these patients. A case report is presented in this article including clinical presentation, diagnostic measures and management.
Keywords: alcohol withdrawal, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, delirium tremens, nurse's role, management, case report
REFERENCES
Bayard, M., Mcintyre, J., Hill, K. R., Woodside, J., & James, H. (2004). Alcohol withdrawal syndrome. American Family Physician, 69(6), 1413-1450.
Burns, M., Price, J., & Lekawa, M. E. (2010). Delirium tremens. eMedicine - Medical Reference website. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/166032-print.
Carson, V. B. (2000). Mental health nursing: The nurse patient journey (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
Elliott, D., Geyer, C., Lionetti, T., & Doty, L. (2013). Managing alcohol withdrawal in hospitalized patients. Nursing, Critical Care, 8(3), 36-44.
Gordon, A. J. (2011). Identification and management of alcohol use disorders in the perioperative period. Retrieved from www.uptodate.com.
Jane, L. (2010). How is alcohol withdrawal syndrome best managed in the emergency department? International Emergency Nursing, 18(2), 89-98.
Jarris, S, D., & Blad, K, D., (2010). Treating patients with substance abuse issues: Nursing care of patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Society of critical care medicine. Retrieved from http://www.sccm.org/Communications/Critical-Connections/Archives/Pages/Nursing-Care-of-Patientswith-Alcohol-Withdrawal-Syndrome.aspx
Mckay, A., Koranda, A., & Axen, D. (2004). Using a symptom triggered approach to manage patients in acute
alcohol withdrawal. Medical Surgical Nursing, 13(1), 15-20, 31.
Mckeon, A., Frye, M. A., & Delanty, N. (2008). The alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Journal of Neurology,Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 79(8), 854 - 862.
Sullivan, J. T., Sykora, K., Schneiderman, J., Naranjo, C. A., & Sellers, E. M. (1989). Assessment of alcohol withdrawal: The revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol scale (CIWA-Ar). British Journal
of Addiction, 84(11), 1353-1357.
Watling, S, M., Fleming, C., Casey, P., & Yanos, J. (1995). Nursing based protocol for treatment of alcohol withdrawal in the intensive care unit. American Journal of Critical Care, 4 (1), 66-70.
CARING FOR A PATIENT WITH SACRAL SCHWANNOMA : A CASE REPORT
* Asha Solomon, M.Sc (N)
** Andrew A. Anandan, RN., RM
* Reader, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
** Staff Nurse, CMC, Vellore
ABSTRACT
Schwann cells are a type of glial cells found in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that form myelin sheath around the PNS neurons. Schwannoma is a slow growing benign tumor of Schwann cells and among the bony sites, sacrum is the most common site of involvement. Removal of the tumour by sacral amputation followed by lumbo pelvic fixation is usually the preferred treatment. Patients who undergo removal of sacrum have a high chance of bowel and bladder dysfunction along with sensory loss and motor weakness of lower limbs due to sacral nerve roots injury. Caring for patients after sacrectomy requires the orthopedic nurses to be well-informed about the disease process and its devastating impact on the neurological functioning of the patient. This case report focuses on sacral Schwannoma and the caring experiences for a patient with sacral amputation.
Keywords: case report, sacral Schwannoma, neurolemmoma, sacral tumor, sacral amputation, nursing care, lumbopelvic fixation
REFERENCES
American Society of Anesthiologists. (2014). ASA physical status classification system. Retrieved from http://www.asahq.org/resources/clinical-information/asa-physical-status-classification-system
Chandhanayingyong, C., Asavamongkolkul, A., Lektrakul, N. & Muangsomboon, S. (2008). The management of sacral Schwannoma: Report of four cases and review of literature. Sarcoma. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2528062/
Cho, D. Y., Hur, J. W., Shim, J. H., & Kim, J. S. (2013). Cystic giant sacral schwannoma mimicking aneurysmal bone cyst: A case report and review of literatures. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society,54(4), 350-354. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2013.54.4.350. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24294462
Colledge, N. R., Walker, B. R., & Ralston, S. H. (2010). Davidson's principles and practice of medicine (21st
ed.). UK: Elsevier publishers.
Fauci, A., Braunwald, E., Kasper, D., Hauser, S., Jameson, J. J., & Loscalzo, D. (2011). Harrison's principles of internal medicine (17th ed.). USA: Mcgraw Hill Companies
Hickey, J. V. (2009). The clinical practice of neurological and neuroscience nursing (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publications.
Koehler, K. (2013). First Schwann cell transplant for SCI The trial begin. Retrieved from Seattlespinalcord.com.
NANDA International (2015). Retrieved from http://media.johnwiley.com.au/product_data/excerpt/65
/EHEP0032/EHEP003265-1.pdf
Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. (2011). Principles of anatomy and physiology (13th ed.). Asia: John Wiley & Sons Incorporated.
Yano, S., Hida, K., Seki, T., Yasuda, K., Oonishi, K., Okushiba, S., & Iwasaki, Y. (2003). Surgical treatment of retroperitoneal presacral large schwannoma by the anterior transabdominal approach: Two cases reports. No
Shinkei Geka, 31(7), 79-800. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12884795
SLEEP QUALITY AND PAIN INTENSITY AMONG ELDERLY PATIENTS UNDERGOING ORTHOPEDIC SURGERIES
* Nirmala M. Emmanuel, M.Sc (N)
** Vaishali Jaiswal, M.Sc., NET
*** Ritika Tiwari, M.B.A.
*** Angela Gnanadurai, M.Sc (N)., Ph.D (N)
**** Vernon N. Lee, D. Ortho, MS. Ortho, MCh. Ortho
* Associate Professor, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
** Professor, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
*** Professor, Jubilee Mission College of Nursing, Thrissur, Kerala
**** Emeritus Professor, Dept. of Orthopedics, CMC, Vellore
ABSTRACT
Comfort is a basic physiological need of a human being. The need for rest and comfort is important for maintaining a good quality of life. Good sleep and absence of pain provide comfort for an individual. Pain is a subjective feeling which is individualized and difficult to define. People try to cope with chronic pain due to the prolonged duration, but acute pain seems to be threatening to all. Postoperative pain especially is unbearable. Postoperative pain management poses a great challenge to the nurses even with newer more effective management. This study used a descriptive correlational design to assess the relationship between sleep quality and pain intensity among the elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 30 subjects consisting of male and female elderly patients above the age of 60 years who had
undergone orthopaedic surgeries of the lower limbs such as joint replacement, throplasty, internal and external fixations, and debridement of bone. Sleep quality and pain intensity were assessed using scales such as Groningen Sleep Quality Scale and Numerical Rating scale respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The results revealed that a larger number of subjects had good sleep (43.3%) and moderate pain (63.3%). There was a highly negative correlation between sleep quality and pain intensity (r = -.677) with milder pain associated with better sleep quality. This study highlighted the need for regular assessment of pain and sleep and the introduction of measures to promote sleep among the institutionalized elders. Increased research is required in management of pain and promotion of sleep in the elderly patients in order to improve their quality of life.
Keywords: sleep quality, pain intensity, elderly, orthopedic surgeries, correlation
REFERENCES
Allcock, N., McGarry, J., & Elkan, R. (2002). Management of pain in older people within the nursing home: a
preliminary study. Health Society Care Community, 10(6), 464-71. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov.
Alsaadi, S. M., McAuley, J. H., Hush, J. M., Lo, S., Barlett, D. J., Grunstein, R. R., & Maher, C. G. (2014). The bidirectional relationship between pain intensity and sleep disturbance/quality in patients with low back pain. Clinical Journal of Pain, 30(9), 755-65. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24451630
Brown, D., & McCormack, B. (2006). Determining factors that have impact upon effective evidence-based pain management with older people following colorectal surgery: An ethnographic study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 15(10), 1287 - 98.
Call-Schmidt, T. A., & Richardson, S.J . (2003). Prevalence of sleep disturbance its relationship to pain in adults with chronic pain. Pain Management Nurse, 4(3), 124-133. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com.
Gloth, F. M. (2001). Principles of perioperative pain management in older adults. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
Gu, D., Sautter, J., Pipkin, R., & Zeng, Y. (2010). Sociodemographic and health correlates of sleep quality and duration among very old chinese. Sleep, 33(5), 601610.
Harvey, M. (2002). Sleep and pain. Retrieved from http://www. sciencedirect.com.
International Association for the Study of Pain. (2014). Declaration that access to pain management is a fundamental human right. Retrieved from http:/www.iasp-pain.org/DeclarationofMontreal
Jacob, J. M., Cohen, A., Hammerman-Rozenberg, R., & Stessman, J. (2006). Global sleep satisfaction of older
people: The Jerusalem cohort study. Journal of American Geriatric Society, 54(2), 325-9. Retrieved from www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov.
Lautenbacher, S., Kunderaman B., & Kreig, J. C. (2005). Sleep deprivation and pain perception. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov.
Leppamaki, S., Meesters, Y., Hankka, J., Lonnguist, J., & Partonen, T. (2003). Effect of simulated dawn on quality of sleep-a community based trial, BioMedCentralPsychiatry, 3(14). Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-244X/3/14
Molton, I. R., & Terril, A. L. (2014). Overview of persistent pain in older adults. American Psychologist, 69(2), 197-207. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/ap-a0035794.pdf
National Academy of Sciences. (2011). Pain as a public health challenge. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92516/
National Sleep Foundation. (2003). Sleep. Retrieved from http:// www.sleepfoundation.org_nationalsleep
foundation_ dozefamily.
Physiodepia. (2011). Numerical Rating Scale. Retrieved from http://www.physio-pedia.com/Numeric_Pain_Rating_Scale
Roehrs, T & Roth, T. (2005). Sleep and pain: Interaction of two vital function. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15798943
Roepke, S. K., & Acoli-Israel, S. (2010). Sleep disorders in the elderly. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 131,302-10. Retrieved from http://www.nebi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 20308755
Seong Tan, P. C., Nik Mohamad, N. A., & Gan, S. H. (2013). Factors that influence pain intensity and fentanyl
requirements after a gynecologic laparotomy. Pain Management Nurse, 14(2), 102-9.
Tel, H. (2013). Sleep quality and quality of life among the elderly people. Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain
Research, 19(1), 48-52. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/p i i/
S0941950012000917
EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE OF ANGANWADI WORKERS REGARDING MENTAL HEALTH AND ITS PROBLEMS IN CHILDREN
* Dhanya M. Sebastian, M.Sc (N)
** Dorothy D. Theodore, M.Sc (N)., Ph. D (N)
* Lecturer, St. Joseph's College of Nursing, Kothamangalam, Kerala
** Principal, Narayana Hrudalaya College of Nursing, Bengaluru
ABSTRACT
Lack of adequate professionals to meet the mental health needs of Indian society has triggered the researchers in identifying Anganwadi workers as potential primary mental healthcare providers for toddlers and preschoolers. This is an experimental study to assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme on the knowledge of Anganwadi workers regarding mental health promotion and early identification of mental illness among toddlers and preschoolers. The research approach used for the study was a true experimental design. Pretest posttest control group design was adopted for the present study. Researcher used simple random sampling using sampling frame made from the list of Anganwadi workers of Anekal Taluk. The subjects were 37 Anganwadi workers from experimental group and 37 from control group. The findings showed that in the posttest 83.8% had average knowledge and 16.2% had good knowledge in experimental group, where as in control group 87% had poor knowledge and 13.5% had average knowledge. The calculated paired 't' value in the experimental group was -19.19 which was significant (p < .001). The calculated independent 't' value comparing experimental and control group (t=18.64 for posttest) was significant (p = .001). Nurses should be involved in periodical training and providing refresher courses for trained Anganwadi workers and the study may be replicated by preparing modules for such training.
Keywords: mental health, mental health promotion, identification of mental illness, toddlers, preschoolers, Anganwadi workers
REFERENCES
Bertalanffy, L. V. (1968). General system theory: Essays on its foundation and development. New York: George Braziller
Breitenstein, S. M., Hill, C., & Gross, D. (2009). Understanding disruptive behavior problems in preschool children. Journal of Paediatric Nursing, 24(1), 3-12.
Coonar, P. S., & Mohan, V. (1985). An assessment of functioning of 96 anganwadis in the urban slum ICDS project of Amritsar along with the study of knowledge, attitude, and practices of the functionaries. Research on
ICDS: An overview, 2, 63-65.
Humairah, T. (2013). The Anganwadi workers of India: Connecting for health at the grassroots. Retrieved from http://healthopine.com/the-anganwadi-workers-ofindia-connecting-for-health-at-the-grassroots/
Kapur, M. (2005). An integrated approach to the delivery of child mental health services. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health,1(1), 10-18.
Malhotra, S., Kohli, A., Kapoor, M., & Pradhan, B. (2009). Incidence of childhood psychiatric disorders in India. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 51(2), 101-7.
Mathur, G. P., Mathur, S., Singh, Y. D., Kushwaha, K. P., & Lele, S. N. (1995). Detection and prevention of childhood disability with help of anganwadi workers. Indian Journal of pediatrics, 32(7), 773-7.
Murthy, K., Pruthvish, S., Geetha, D. K., Cristopher, R. M., & Dara, S. A. (1989). A study of profile and knowledge of anganwadi workers as agents of change. Research on ICDS: An overview, 2, 14-20.
Salomi, B. H., Reddy, M. U. & Geervani, P. (1984). Development of a standardized nutrition and health knowledge test and assessment of knowledge levels of anganwadi workers and the beneficiaries of ICDS scheme. Research on ICDS: An overview, 2, 107.
Sharan, P., & Sagar, R. (2008). The need for national data on epidemiology of child and adolescent mental disorders. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 4(2), 22-27.
Srinanth, S., Girimaji, S. C., Gururaj, G., Seshadri, S., Subbakrishna, D. K., Bhola, P., & Kumar, N. (2005). Epidemiological study of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders in urban and rural areas of Banglore. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 122(1), 67-69.
World Health Organization. (2000). 10 facts on mental health. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/mental_health/mental_health_facts/en/
EFFECTIVENESS OF CHILDBIRTH PREPERATION ON ANXIETY AND SELF EFFICACY OF PRIMIGRAVID WOMEN
* Anu S. Kuruvilla, M.Sc (N)
** Christy Simpson, M.Sc (N)., PGDC., Ph. D(N)
*** Nirmala Manoharan, M.Sc (N)
**** Annie Regi, M.D (Obstetrics & Gynecology)
* Nursing Superintendent, Harriet Benson Memorial Hospital,
Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh
** Professor, Christian Institute of Health Sciences, Dimapur, Nagaland
*** Professor, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
**** Professor, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CMC, Vellore
ABSTRACT
Childbirth is a powerful event in the life of a woman. The experiences of women undergoing the process of childbirth differ from person to person. Childbirth preparation enables women to have a satisfactory experience by reducing their anxiety and enabling them to build confidence in undergoing the process of childbirth. A quasi experimental design was conducted to assess the effectiveness of childbirth preparation on anxiety and self efficacy among primigravid women. Convenience sampling was used to select a total of 80 subjects (40 each in experimental and control group). The subjects in the experimental group were provided a teaching session on childbirth preparation while control group subjects received standard care. Spielberger's State Trait Anxiety scale and Labour Agentry scale were used to measure the anxiety and self efficacy of women during childbirth. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis. The results
showed that the mean scores of anxiety in experimental and control group were 37.48 and 44.48 respectively while mean self efficacy scores were found to be 51.88 in experimental group and 45.80 in control group. The comparison of mean scores between both groups showed a significant difference (p < .01). No significant association were found between anxiety and self efficacy and demographic variables. Childbirth preparation was found to be effective in reducing anxiety and enhancing self efficacy of primigravid women. The nurses' role can be expanded by creating posts such as childbirth educator/counsellor/therapist who can provide dedicated maternal health services in the area of childbirth preparation.
Keywords: childbirth, childbirth preparation, primigravid women, anxiety, self efficacy
REFERENCES
Cheung, W., Ip, W. Y., & Chan, D. (2007). Maternal anxiety and feelings of control during labour: a study of Chinese first-time pregnant women. Midwifery, 23(2), 123-130. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2006.05.001
Consonni, E. B., Calderon, I. M., Consonni, M., De Conti, M. H., Prevedel, T. T., & Rudge, M. V. (2010). A multidisciplinary program of preparation for childbirth and motherhood: Maternal anxiety and perinatal outcomes. Reproductive Health, 7, 28. doi:10.1186/1742-4755-7-28
Goodman, P., Mackey, M. C., & Tavakoli, A. S. (2004). Factors related to childbirth satisfaction. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 46(2), 212-219. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2003.02981.x
Hodnett, E. D., & Simmons-Tropea, D. A. (1987). The labour agentry scale: Psychometric properties of an instrument measuring control during childbirth. Research in Nursing and Health, 10, 301-310.
Ip, W. Y., Tang, C. S., & Goggins, W. B. (2009). An educational intervention to improve women's ability to cope with childbirth. Journal of Clinical Nursing,18(15), 2125-2135. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02720.x
Larson, R., & Plog, M. (2012). The effectiveness of childbirth classes for increasing self-efficacy in women and support persons. International Journal of Childbirth, 2(2), 107-114. doi:10.1891/2156-5287.2.2.107
Melender, H.-L. (2006). What constitutes a good childbirth? A qualitative study of pregnant Finnish women. Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, 51(5), 331-339.doi:10.1016/j.jmwh.2006.02.009
Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
BURN MANAGEMENT : CHALLENGING ROLE OF BURN NURSES - PART I
* Beulah Premkumar, M.Sc (N)., M.A., M. Phil
** Regina Xavier, M.Sc (N)
*** Alice S. Kumar, M.Sc (N)
**** Jabin Khaja, M.Sc (N)
***** Prasanna K. Sathiyanathan, M.Sc (N)
****** Harini Srinivasan, B.Sc (N)
******* Kalaivani Gnanamani, P.B.B.Sc(N)
* Professor, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
** Professor, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
*** Professor, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
**** Associate Professor, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
***** Junior Lecturer, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
****** Tutor, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
******* Charge Nurse, CMC, Vellore
ABSTRACT
Burn injury as an accident is prevailing from ancient time since people started using fire for fight, cooking, and hunting. The treatment for burns has a rich heritage from 1600 B.C, till the current century. The modern advancements in burn management are based on evidence as an outcome of research performed in the field of medical management. Thus the advancement in science and technology in the field of medicine has paved the way and the pace in the branch of plastic and reconstructive surgery and its related burn nursing. The development of burn nursing as a specialty has evolved to meet the need for specially trained nurses to provide comprehensive care to burn patients according to the changing trends in burn management. This article provides in-depth knowledge on burn management that includes first aid for burns, fluid resuscitation, nutritional management, wound management, pharmacological, and surgical management. The success of burn nursing is the coordination of the functions of the entire team members through multidisciplinary approach.
Keywords: burn, burn assessment, burn management, nurse's role
REFERENCES
Ahrns, K. S. (2004). Trends in burn resuscitation: Shifting the focus from fluids to adequate endpoint monitoring, edema control and adjuvant therapies. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America, 16(1), 75-98.
Black, J. M., Hawks, J. H., & Keene A. M. (2001). Medical surgical nursing - Clinical management for positive outcomes (6th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders
Bosworth, C. (2003). Burns trauma: Management and nursing care. London; Bailli, Tindall.
Cameron, A. M., Ruzehaji, N., & Cowin, A. J. (2010) Burn wound management: A surgical perspective. Wound Practice and Research, 18(1). 35-40. Retrieved from www.awma.com.au/journal/1801_04.pdf
Choi, M., & Panthaki, Z. Y. (2008). Tangential excision of burn wounds. The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery,
19(4), 1056-60. doi: 10.1097/scs.0b013e318175f4f9
Comer, S. (2005). Delmar's critical care: Nursing care plans (2nd ed.). New York: Thomson Learning Delmar.
Dhanraj, P. (2011). Basics in burns for nurses (1st ed.). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers EMTResource.com (2015). Rule of nines. Retrieved from http://www.emtresource.com/emergencies/burns/ruleof-nines/
Evans, E.I., Purnell, O. J., Robinett, P. W., Batchelor, A., & Martin, M. (1952). Fluid and electrolyte requirements in severe burns. Annals of Surgery, 135, 6, 804-815
Herndon, D.N. (2007). Total burn care (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders.
International society for burn injuries (2014). Care of burn patients in the hospital. Retrieved from www.worldburn.org_documents_hospitalburncare.pdf.
Michael, S., Sorg, H., Peck, C., Koch, L., Deiwick, A., Chichkov, B., . . . Reimers, K. ( 2013). Tissue engineered skin substitutes created by laser-assisted bioprinting form skin-like structures in the dorsal skin fold chamber in mice. Public Library of Science, 8(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057741
Practical Plastic Surgery. (2011). Straightforward plastic surgery information and techniques. Retrieved from
www.practicalplasticsurgery.org
Resuscitation Fluids in Burns (2011). Palm fingers method. Retrieved from http://www.ambonsall.com/NSWResusBurnsFluids.htm
Rodeheaver, G. T., Smith S. L., Thacker, J. G., Edgerton, M. T., & Edlich, R. F. (1975). Mechanical cleansing of contaminated wounds with a surfactant. American Journal of Surgery, 129(3), 241-245. Retrieved from
www.ncbi. nlm.niv.gov/pubmed/ PMID:1119685
SageDiagram.com (2014). SAGE II Burn Diagramming. Retrieved from https://www.sagediagram.com/
Smeltzer, S. C., Bare, B. G., Hickle, J. L., & Cheever, K. H. (2010). Brunner and Suddarth's text book of medical surgical nursing (12th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Spear, M., & Bailey, A. (2009). Treatment of skin graft donor sites with a unique transparent absorbent acrylic
dressing. Plastic Surgical Nursing, 29(4), 194-202.
Sterling, J. P., Heimbach, D. M., & Gibran, N. S., (2010). Management of the burn wound. American College of Surgeons-Surgery-Principles and Practice.doi:10.2310/7800.S07C15.
The Free Dictionary (2015). Lund-Browder classification. Retrieved from http://medical-dictionary.thefree
dictionary.com/Lund-Browder+classification
World Health Organization (WHO) (2014). Media centre:Burns. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs365/en/
DRAVET SYNDROME : A CASE STUDY
* Honey Augustine, B.Sc (N)
** Ibamedari Warbah, B.Sc (N)
*** Deena Edwin, M.Sc (N)
* III Year Nursing Student, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
** III Year Nursing Student, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
*** Junior Lecturer, College of Nursing, CMC, Vellore
ABSTRACT
Dravet syndrome, also known as Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy of Infancy (SMEI), is a rare and catastrophic form of intractable epilepsy that begins in infancy. Initial seizures are most often prolonged events and in the second year of life other seizure types begin to emerge. Unless a cure or better treatments for Dravet syndrome is found, individuals with this disorder face a diminished quality of life. Current treatment options are extremely limited. The constant care and supervision of an individual with highly specialized needs is emotionally and financially draining on the family members/guardians who care for them. Nursing management of these patients is a major challenge and nurses require good counseling skills. This article focuses on the nursing care of a patient with Dravet syndrome and using nursing process approach, a case study is presented.
Keywords: Dravet syndrome, myoclonic epilepsy, seizures, nursing care, case study, interactable epilepsy, infantile onset epilepsy
REFERENCES
Arzimanoglou, A., Guerrini, R., & Aicardi, J. (2004). Aicardi's epilepsy in children. New York: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins.
Baulac, S., Huberfeld, G., Gourfinkel-An, I., Mitropoulou, G.,Beranger, A., Prud'homme, J.F., . . . LeGuern, E. (2001). First genetic evidence of GABA (A) receptor dysfunction in epilepsy: A mutation in the gamma2-subunit gene. Nature Genetics, 28, 46-48.
Claes, L., Del-Favero, J., Ceulemans, B., Lagae, L., Van Broeckhoven, C., & De Jonghe, P. (2001). De novo mutations in the sodium-channel gene SCN1A cause severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy. American Journal
of Human Genetics, 68, 1327-1332. Retrieved from http//www.web of science.com
Dravet, C., & Bureau, M. (2008). Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy: A comprehensive textbook (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins.
Dravet ,C., Bureau, M., Oguni, H., Fukuyama, Y., & Cokar, O. (2002). Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (Dravet syndrome). In J. Roger, M. Bureau, C. Dravet, P. Genton, C. A. Tassinari & P. Wolf (Eds.), Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence (3rd ed., pp. 81-103). London: John Libbey.
Gulanick, M., & Myers, J. L. (2011). Nursing care plans: diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes (7th ed.). St.
Louis, Mo.: Elsevier Mosby.
Hattori, J., Ouchida, M., Ono, J., Miyake, S., Maniwa, S., Mimaki, N. Ohtsuka, Y., & Ohmori, I. (2008). A screening test for prediction of Dravet syndrome before one year of age. Epilepsia, 49, 626-633.
Oakley, J. C., Kalume, F., & Catterall, W. A. (2011). Dravet Syndrome: Insights into pathophysiology and therapy from a mouse model of Dravet syndrome. Epilepsia,52(2), 59-61. doi:10.1111/j.1528-167.2011.03004.x
Scheffer I, & Berkovic S. (2007). Generalized (genetic) epilepsies with febrile seizures: A comprehensive textbook (1st ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Wolff, M., Perrot, C. C., & Dravet, C. (2006). Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infants (dravet syndrome). Epilepsia, 47, 45-48. Retrieved from http//www.wiley.com
EFEECTIVENESS OF A PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS REGARDING COMMUNICATION AMONG ADOLESCENTS
* Kenneth S. Guddeti, M.Sc (N)
** Dorothy D. Theodore, M.Sc (N), Ph.D
* Assistant Professor, Metas Adventist College of Nursing, Nuzvid
** Principal, Narayana Hrudhayalaya College of Nursing, Bengaluru
ABSTRACT
Communication is an inevitable process in everyone's life, more so when it comes to adolescents. It is an integral part of their overall development. Present study was done to assess the effectiveness of a planned teaching program on knowledge and skills regarding communication among high school students. The research method used was a true experimental approach with pretest, posttest control group design; sixty adolescents were selected using simple random sampling technique from a sample frame of 90 students in a selected government school in Anekal taluk of Bangalore. Investigator - prepared knowledge and skill questionnaire were used for data collection. One day workshop with sessions including interpersonal communication skills, public speaking skills, assertive training, speaking skills, writing skills, and reading skills was conducted. The findings revealed that the participants in the experimental group showed improvement in knowledge (t=7.66, p=.05) and skills (t=5.81, p=.05) regarding communication compared to the control group.
Keywords: high school students, adolescents, communication, communication skill, teaching program
REFERENCES
Brann-Barrett, M. T. (2005). Youth speaks up: Perceived communication changes experienced by grade 6 participants in a personal development program. The Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 51(2), 155- 171.
Imran, S. (2013). Evaluation of communication skills training program for nursing students to develop supportive ward atmosphere during care of patients with cancer. International Journal of Nursing Education,
5(1), 223-228.
Molis, D. (2014). Definition: Interpersonal communication. Retrieved from http://www.selfgrowth.com/articles/Definition_Interpersonal_Communication.html
Office of Foster Care and Adoption STEPS Team. (2009). Significant aspects of adolescent development. Retrieved from http://www.umassmed.edu/
Viji, C., & Samuel, G. (2014). Effectiveness of structured teaching module on therapeutic communication among staff nurses. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 3(2), 27-31.
Walker, J. (2002). Teens in distress series: Adolescent stress and depression. Retrieved from http://www.extension.umn.edu/youth/research/adolescent-stressand-depression/
Wilkinson, S., Perry, R., Blanchard, K., & Linsell, L. (2008). Effectiveness of a three-day communication skills course in changing nurses' communication skills with cancer/palliative care patients: A randomized controlled trial. Palliative Medicine, 22(4), 365-75.
Yahaya, A. (2009). The relationship between self-concept and communication skills towards academic achievement among secondary school students in Johor Bahru. International Journal of Psychological Studies,
1(2). doi:10.5539/ijps.vln2p25
PERCEIVED STIGMA AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG TRANSGENDERS
* Nanzy F. M, M.Sc (N)
**Rogina J. S. Savarimuthu, M.Sc (N).,
M.Sc (Psychology)., M.Sc (Psychotherapy & Counselling)
* M.Sc Nursing Student (at the time of submission)
Matha College of Nursing, Manamadurai
** Reader (Former), Matha College of Nursing, Manamadurai
ABSTRACT
A quantitative study was conducted among transgenders living in Madurai district, South India to assess the level of perceived stigma and quality of life. A descriptive research design was used. Snowball sampling was used to select the sample. Data were collected using transgender stigma questionnaire and World Health Organization quality of life BREF scale. Analysis revealed that transgerders experienced stigma with majority of them experiencing severe (23.3%) to moderate (50%) level. Majority of them had low (20%) to moderate (60%) quality of life. Negative correlation (r = -.38) was found between perceived stigma and quality of life. Educational status (p=.01) and occupation (p=.02) were significantly associated with perceived stigma (p=.04). Occupation was significantly associated with low quality of life. Further studies are needed to generalize the findings. Nurses should be aware that perception of stigma in transgenders can influence their quality of life.
Keywords: stigma, perceived stigma, quality of life, transgenders
REFERENCES
Ainsworth, T. A., & Spiegel, J. H. (2010). Quality of life of individuals with and without facial feminization surgery or gender reassignment surgery. Quality of life research:An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care, and Rehabilitation, 19(7), 1019-24.
Berger, B. E., Ferrans, C. E. & Lashley, F. R. (2001). Measuring stigma in people with HIV: Psychometric assessment of the HIV stigma scale. Research in Nursing and Health, 24, 518-529. doi: 10.1002/nur.10011.
Bradford, J., Reisner, S. L., Honnold, J.A., & Xavier, J. (2012). Experiences of transgender-related discrimination and implications for health: results from the Virginia transgender health initiative study. American Journal of Public Health. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed.
Burgess, D., Tran, A., Lee, R., & van Ryn, M. (2007). Effects of perceived discrimination on mental health and mental health services utilization among gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender persons. Journal of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgendered Health Research, 3(4), 1-14.
Motmans, J., Meier, P., Ponnet, K., & T'Sjoen, G. (2012) Female and male transgender quality of life:
Socioeconomic and medical differences. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 9(3), 743-50.
Newfield, E., Hart, S., Dibble, S., & Kohler, L. (2006). Female-to-male transgender quality of life. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation,
15(9), 1447-57.
Sadock, B. J., & Sadock, V. A. (2003). Kaplan and Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences / Clinical Psychiatry (9th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott William & Wilkins.
Wilson, E., Pant, S.B, Comfort, M., & Ekstrand, M. (2011). Stigma and HIV risk among metis in Nepal. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 13(3), 253-66.
World Health Organization. (1991). WHO Quality of Life- BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mental_health/media/en/76.pdf.
|